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Small Group Research
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Psychological Barrieizs To Learning

An Approach Using Group Treatment

John F. Clabby

University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey

Elaine Jacob Belz

Middlesex County College

An alarmingly large number of adults are dealing with two significant problems: illit eracy and emotional maladjustment. The interactive nature of these two difficulties is discussed. Specific emphasis is placed on describing a series of psychological barriers to learning: (1) ambivalence about success, (2) fear of risk taking, (3) overdependence on authority figures, (4) tension, (5) defensive dominance, and (6) intrusive memories of poor learning experiences. A group counseling approach, designed to assist illiter ate adults in identifying and resolving these obstacles to learning, is presented.

Small Group Research, Vol. 16, No. 4, 525-533 (1985)
DOI: 10.1177/104649648501600408
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