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Small Group Research
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Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Performance

A Meta-Analysis of Group-Level Research

Tjai M. Nielsen

The George Washington University, tnielsen{at}gwu.edu

George A. Hrivnak

The George Washington University

Megan Shaw

The George Washington University

Most of the research on the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and performance has been conducted at the individual level. During the past 10 years, however, group-level research on that relationship has begun to appear. This article meta-analytically reviews 38 independent samples (N = 3,097) in which the relationship between OCB and performance was studied at the group level. The analyses in this study suggest a positive overall relationship between OCB and performance ({rho} = .29), as well as the presence of several moderating variables. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed, and some suggestions for future research are offered.

Key Words: organizational citizenship behavior • team performance • work teams • groups • group performance • contextual behavior • meta-analysis

This version was published on October 1, 2009

Small Group Research, Vol. 40, No. 5, 555-577 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1046496409339630
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